<superkuh> I've never had solder wick that wasn't shitty. <superkuh> Does such a thing exist? <OdinYggd> Flux core. <OdinYggd> aka make the entire flux dish hot, put the braid in the liquid flux, then let it cool <OdinYggd> ONce you pull it out the entire braid will have flux throughout, and will actually wick up properly
[comment on this post] Append "/@say/your message here" to the URL in the location bar and hit enter.
Memory is two different systems both operating in parallel at the same instant of perception.
There's the short term awareness as encoded in the ~40 Hz cortico-thalamo-cortical loops of active cortical neuronal populations. The binding in time of different types of cortical processing at the thalamic relays and stimuli representation are essential to, if probably not all of, conscious awareness.
There's also the long term encoding in the entorhinal cortex (3 layers transitions from the 5 of cortex to hippocampus "simplicity") and hippocampus which itself is a multiple component system encoding different properties of the new experience relative to existing memory and relations. There is "pattern separation" about encoding distinct new properties of some experience and "pattern completion" which encodes in terms of the past to extract meaning in terms of known relations. And both of these are referenced through two spatial coordinate systems (especially in CA3). The meaning is all in terms of place.
Distinguishing between things (pattern separation) and seeing how things are the same (pattern completion).
During sleep the spatial coordinate system "paths" of the day are revisited in activation backwards in time and the specific episodic and spatially referential memories of the hippocampal formation are generalized in reference to thalamo-cortical loops.
Recall of memory later depends on self-reinforcement of thalamo-cortical loops populations. Over time memories which a person holds as truths can actually shift based on their own biases and other associations which help form/hold that memory.
Consciousness is the turbulence of prediction that tries to minimize itself.
[comment on this post] Append "/@say/your message here" to the URL in the location bar and hit enter.
There are two mutually exclusive views of the web. As a set of protocols set to allow individual humans to share information about things they love and the web as a set of protocols to make a living.
Profit motivated web presences want views, they want attention, they need nine 9s uptime, need to be able to do monetary transactions absolutely securely, and they want to be an application not a document. They live and die on the eternal wave of walled garden's recommendation engines because that's the network effect and that's where money flows. It doesn't matter if this means extremely high barriers to entry because money solves everything.
Individuals' websites are freeform presentations about the things that person is interested in. They are the backyard gardens of the mind and the most important thing is lowering the friction from thought to posting. There's no need to get tons of traffic instantly (or ever), they're mostly time insensitive.
Year by year browsers' evolution into another OS are creating new barriers to entry for those wishing to host personal website. Just one tiny example of this is browsers (and search engines, and etc) requiring HTTPS and not just SSL certs but only certs with lifetimes less than 1 year. All this piles on, destroys access to old web content, and generally creates cyber gentrification. With the WC3 now marginalized and corporate run web standards groups (ie whatwg) setting the protocols there may soon come a time where it's infeasible to run a website without relying on a third party entity to do some part of it for you.
[comment on this post] Append "/@say/your message here" to the URL in the location bar and hit enter.
█▓▒░ Comments ░▒▓█
20:54:11, Tue Feb 25, 2020 : /blog/blog.html/, Re: web security fetishism. Without HTTPS, an adversary can man-in-the-middle your connection and do all kinds of nasty things, from surveillance, to denying access, to altering the content, to running arbitrary javascript exploits against users' browsers. Given that certbot is free and now auto-renews your certificate for you on most platforms, I can't say that it is an especially high barrier to rule out this class of attacks, which may not be a personal threat to you, but can have severe consequences for the vulnerable. And although it does require trust in a 3rd party, which is not ideal, everybody is better off with it than without it.
re: random commenter above, as you can see from this site of mine I do like and use HTTPS. But I think HTTP has a valuable and essential place beside it. Going only HTTPS is bad. Going HTTP and HTTPS is great. Browsers and search engines punishing, hiding, and demonizing HTTP sites in their listings or notifications does more damage than then some potential downgrade attacks.
Reliance on third parties is also a bad idea. Sure, letsencrypt is great, but it's also causing extreme centralization of the web since it's so nice. The .org situation shows that no matter how benevolent and longstanding institutions that have power will be corrupted. And no matter how "easy" it is, acme2 is not a simple protocol. There's tons of complexity hidden behind that "easy" that has to be supported over time and changing software stacks.
Today in my RSS feeds an APS paper summary came up called, "Heat Flows in a Circle Without Gradients. It was about this ring of spaced ring oscillators that supported both mechanical excitation modes and phonon modes but where phonon excitations flowed around forever. It's interesting but more interesting was the offhand comment in support of infinite currents saying,
Undriven flows do occur in nature, as evidenced by persistent electric currents in permanent magnets and superconductors.
At first I thought they might be talking analogy, like spins as currents or electron "orbits", or something, but no, the wikipedia article, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_current#In_resistive_conductors talks about real nanoamp currents physically existing. And then that leads to any even weirder rabbit hole.
I feel like that I can normally ignore quantum physics when doing radio and electromagnetics work. I don't do a lot of polarization stuff and quantum effects normally average out in imprecise many-sample systems. But apparently at specific mesoscopic length scales the quantum stuff I don't understand actually starts coupling to electromagnetic excitation modes. But the gist is that there's a neutral AC oscillation normally and applying an external magnetic bias to these magnetic material rings creates an internal asymmetry causing an perpetual tiny electrical current to flow.
This type of persistent current is a mesoscopic low temperature effect: the magnitude of the current becomes appreciable when the size of the metallic system is reduced to the scale of the electron quantum phase coherence length and the thermal length. Persistent currents decrease with increasing temperature and will vanish exponentially above a temperature known as the Thouless temperature. This temperature scales as the inverse of the circuit diameter squared.
And it does so in regions where there should be both zero electric and magnetic field the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aharonov-Bohm_effect. It's apparently strong philosophical support for the mathematical formalisms of the electric and magnetic potentials (as opposed to fields) as *real* physical things and beyond that delocalized physical things.
The Aharonov-Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg-Siday-Aharonov-Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic potential, despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wave function, and the Aharonov-Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.
[comment on this post] Append "/@say/your message here" to the URL in the location bar and hit enter.
The potential for reinfection after being sick with SARS-CoV-2019 has me a little unsettled. I hope it's just a idiosyncratic case.
I had a bit of a freak-out back around 2005 when I learned about influenza pandemics and H5N1. I did all the things from buying basic supplies (and rotating food for years) to working with a friend online (over AIM w/trillian) to come up with an over-the-counter route to synthesize oseltamivir (tamiflu).
For example the starting material, furan, can be sourced from corn cobs (furfural from corncobs, 2-furancarboxylic acid from furfural, furan from 2-furancarboxylic acid). Or, far more feasibly, just extracted from it's use as a solvent from a commercial product. The current pandemic reminds me of that fun but wasted effort. It's presented below so someone might get a kick out of it.
OTC Oseltamiver Synthesis By Chris The Great, 2006 This document has not yet been tested to ensure that it works as presented.Step One: Synthesis of A Methyl acrylate (2.78mol) is added to furan (3.95mol) and cooled to -10*C. AlCl3 in DCM (1.15mol in 1-5M conc.) is added slowly with stirring, keeping the temperature below -10*C. The mixture is then cooled with a cold water bath and stirred for 2 hours. The mixture is added to 1000ml of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and the precipitate is filtered out. The aqeous layer is extracted twice with 250ml DCM, and the organic layers are combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent is distilled away and the product purified by silica gel column chromatography to give the desired product in 38.6% yield (1.07mol). Step Two: Synthesis of B A (1.07mol) is added to NaOH (1.65mol, 3 to 15M concentration) in water with stirring, maintaining a temperature of 5*C. The mixture is allowed to warm up over a period of 30 minutes with stirring, and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. HCl (310ml of 31% sol.) is added to adjust the pH to below 1, and then the mixture is extracted 4 times with 200ml of DCM. The combined organic layers are dried with Na2SO4, and solvent evaporated and the product recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give the desired product in 87.5% yield (0.936mol). Step Three: Synthesis of C B (0.936mol) is dissolved into 850ml water, and NaHCO3 (0.936mol) is added slowly, with stirring to control the foaming. After foaming ceases, bromine (0.936mol) is added dropwise with stirring, and then the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture is extracted with 400ml ethyl acetate, washed with 100ml thiosulfate solution (to remove unreacted bromine) and dried with Na2SO4. The solvent is distilled away and the product purfied by recrystallizing from ethyl acetate, giving the desired product in 89.6% yeild (0.84mol) Step Four: Synthesis of D Potassium hydroxide (2.5mol) is dissolved into dimethylacetamide (1000ml) and methanol (150ml), and C (0.84mol) is added slowly as the mixture is heated to a gentle reflux. It is stirred under reflux for 3 hours, then ethyl iodide (1.6mol) is added and the mixture stirred under reflux for another 3 hours. To the mixture is added HCl (300ml 31%) and the solution extracted with ethyl acetate (250ml) eight times. The organic layer is washed with saturated brine and dried with Na2SO4. The solvent is distilled away and the product purified by recrystallization to give the desired product in 95.9% yield (0.804mol). Step Five: Synthesis of E A solution of sodium methoxide (0.9mol) in tetrahydrofuran (500ml) is cooled to -30*C, and D (0.804mol) in tetrahydrofuran (500ml) is added dropwise with stirring. After the addition, the mixture is stirred at 30*C for 1hr. To the mixture is added acetic anhydride (1.05mol) and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 3hr. To the reaction mixture is added saturated ammonium chloride (1000ml), and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate (800ml). The organic layer is dried (Na2SO4) and the solvent distilled away. The product is recrystallized (ethyl acetate) to give the desired product in 80.0% yeild (0.644mol). Step Six: Synthesis of F E (0.644mol) is dissolved into 3-pentanol (600ml) at reflux, and AlCl3 (0.7mol) is slowly added with stirring. The mixture is stirred at reflux for 1 hour, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. A saturated solution of NaHCO3 is added (1000ml), and the mixture is extracted with 750ml DCM, washed with saturated brine (750ml) and dried with Na2SO4. The solvent is distilled away and the product recrystallized (DCM) to give the desired product in 81.2% yield (0.522mol) Step Seven: Synthesis of G F (0.522mol) is dissolved in DCM (750ml) and triethylamine (0.78mol) is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 5 min. and then cooled to 0*C. To the mixture is added tosyl chloride (0.78mol) and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1hr. The reaction mixture is washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (1500ml), saturated brine (750ml) and then dried with sodium sulfate. The solvent is distilled off, and the crude product recrystallized from DCM to give G in 97.3% yeild (0.508mol). Step Eight: Synthesis H G (0.508mol) is dissolved in ethanol (1000ml) at reflux, and potassium carbonate (0.25mol) is added with stirring. The mixture is stirred at gentle reflux for 1.5 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Saturated ammonium chloride solution (1000ml) is added. The mixture is extracted with DCM (750ml), washed with saturated brine (1000ml) and dried (Na2SO4). The solvent is distilled away and the crude product recrystallized from DCM to give H in 98.5% yeild (0.5mol). Step Nine: Synthesis of I H (0.5mol), sodium azide (0.6mol) and ammonium chloride (0.6mol) are dissolved into water (70ml) and ethanol (250ml), and refluxed for 8 hours. Aqeous NaHCO3 (105ml of 8% solution) is added and the ethanol distilled in vacuum. The aqeous residue is extracted with ethyl acetate (250ml), the extract washed with water (125ml). The wash is back extracted with 125ml of ethyl acetate and the combined organic extracts washed with brine (125ml), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum to give I as a dark brown oil in 102% yield (0.512mol) Step Ten: Synthesis of J Step One: J (0.512mol) and ammonium chloride (1.2mol) are dissolved into ethanol (1500ml), and zinc (0.7mol) is added and the mixture refluxed for 30 minutes. The solvent is distilled off to give Ib, which is used directly in the next step. Step Two: Tosysl Chloride (1.13mol) is added portionwise at room temperature to a stirred mixture of Ib (from the step one), K2CO3 (2.5mol) in acetonitrile (1000ml) and stirred for 6hr. Toluene (2500ml) is added, the solid is filtered off and the solvent evaporated to give J in approx 80-90% yeild. It is used directly in the next step without purification. Step Eleven: Synthesis of K J (0.494mol), sodium azide (1.2mol) and ammonium chloride (1.2mol) in dimethylacetamide (400ml) is heated to 80-85*C for 5 hours. NaHCO3 (50mmol) in water (250ml) is added, and the mixture extracted with hexanes (6x250ml). The combined hexane extracts are concentrated to 1200ml, and 250ml DCM is added, followed by 1100ml NaHCO3 8% solution and acetic anhydride (0.6mol). The mixture is stirred at room temperature for an hour, and then the aqeous layer is removed. The organic phases are concentrated in vacuum to 430g total weight), dissolved in ethyl acetate (50ml). The mixture is cooled and K crystallizes out and is collected by filtering. The crystals are washed with cold 15% ethyl acetate in hexane (250ml) and dried in a vacuum at room temperature, to give K in 55% yield (0.272mol). [may be slighly higher, ie 60%] Step Twelve: Synthesis of L (oseltamivir freebase) K (0.272mol) is dissolved into ethanol (600ml) along with ammonium chloride (0.64mol). Zinc (0.36mol) is added and the mixture refluxed for 30 minutes. The precipitate is filtered out, giving L in 98% yeild (0.266mol). [90-95% more likely] Step Thirteen: Synthesis of Oseltamivir Phosphate L (0.266mol) is dissolved in acetone (1000ml) and treated with phosphoric acid (85%, 0.266mol) in absolute ethanol (300ml). The mixture is cooled, and after 12 hours the precipitate is filtered out to give oseltamivir phosphate in 75% yield (0.2mol, 82g). A second crop of presumably lower purity crystals can be obtained by concentrated the solution and collecting a second crop of product.
[comment on this post] Append "/@say/your message here" to the URL in the location bar and hit enter.